随着城市化进程的加快，城市园林景观和道路绿化在提升城市形象、改善生态环境方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文对城市园林景观施工和道路绿化养护管理进行了探讨，分析了两者在城市建设中的意义，指出了当前施工与养护管理中存在的问题，并提出了相应的改进措施，旨在为提升城市园林景观和道路绿化水平提供参考。

目的 探讨协同护理干预在妊娠合并心脏病患者围产期风险管理中的应用效果，为改善患者妊娠结局、降低围产期风险提供实践依据。方法 选取某院 2022 年 1 月 - 2023 年 12 月收治的 80 例妊娠合并心脏病患者，按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，各 40 例。对照组采用围产期常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施协同护理干预。比较两组患者围产期并发症发生率、母婴不良结局发生率及护理满意度。结果 观察组围产期心力衰竭、心律失常、肺部感染等并发症发生率（7.50%）低于对照组（25.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、早产等母婴不良结局发生率（5.00%）低于对照组（20.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组护理满意度（97.50%）高于对照组（82.50%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 协同护理干预可有效降低妊娠合并心脏病患者围产期并发症及母婴不良结局发生率，提升护理满意度，在围产期风险管理中具有重要应用价值。

Objective: To explore the application effect of collaborative nursing intervention in perinatal risk management of pregnant patients with heart disease, and provide practical basis for improving pregnancy outcomes and reducing perinatal risks. Method: 80 pregnant women with concomitant heart disease admitted to a certain hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 40 cases in each group, using a random number table method. The control group received routine perinatal care, while the observation group received collaborative nursing intervention on the basis of routine care. Compare the incidence of perinatal complications, maternal and infant adverse outcomes, and nursing satisfaction between two groups of patients. The incidence of complications such as heart failure, arrhythmia, and pulmonary infection during the perinatal period in the observation group (7.50%) was lower than that in the control group (25.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The incidence of adverse outcomes such as fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, and premature birth in the observation group (5.00%) was lower than that in the control group (20.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The nursing satisfaction of the observation group (97.50%) was higher than that of the control group (82.50%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Collaborative nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of perinatal complications and adverse outcomes for pregnant women with heart disease, improve nursing satisfaction, and has important application value in perinatal risk management.

化工行业作为现代工业的重要组成部分，其废水排放量大且成分复杂，对生态环境造成了严重威胁。多效蒸发系统因其高效的热能利用效率，在化工废水浓缩领域得到了广泛应用。本文对多效蒸发系统进行了深入的热力学分析，探讨了热量传递过程、能量利用效率及关键参数对系统热力学性能的影响；同时，从设备投资成本、运行成本及经济效益等方面进行了经济性评估。研究结果表明，合理选择效数和操作方式可显著提升系统的热力学性能和经济效益，为多效蒸发系统在化工废水浓缩中的优化设计与实际应用提供了理论依据。

化工行业作为现代工业的重要组成部分，其废水排放量大且成分复杂，对生态环境造成了严重威胁。多效蒸发系统因其高效的热能利用效率，在化工废水浓缩领域得到了广泛应用。本文对多效蒸发系统进行了深入的热力学分析，探讨了热量传递过程、能量利用效率及关键参数对系统热力学性能的影响；同时，从设备投资成本、运行成本及经济效益等方面进行了经济性评估。研究结果表明，合理选择效数和操作方式可显著提升系统的热力学性能和经济效益，为多效蒸发系统在化工废水浓缩中的优化设计与实际应用提供了理论依据。